The virtue of courage.

#1 virtue 

Courage

Courage is the first virtue Aristotle writes about and, as I will explain later, one of the most important and necessary virtues in life—even for those who do not follow a spiritual path. It is essential to understand the root and meaning of every word we discuss. Let us begin with the etymology of the word "courage." Derived from Old French and English, it traces back to the Latin word cor, meaning "heart." Thus, courage can be understood as the virtue of mastering one's emotions, as the heart symbolizes emotional strength. However, Aristotle was a Hellene, and it is equally insightful to explore the etymology of the Greek word ἀνδρεία (courage). The term ἀνδρεία stems from ἀνρεία, which is further linked to the concept of opposing unjust flows (ἐναντία ῥοὴ παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον ῥέουσα). This signifies a resistance that runs parallel to what is just and righteous, embodying steadfastness and moral integrity.

When courage is tied to justice, we must recognize that it is fair and natural for humans to control their emotions. This alignment between emotional mastery and justice forms a profound connection between the two etymologies, uniting the heart's strength (cor) with the Hellenic concept of standing firm against injustice (ἀνδρεία).

The first labor of Hercules was the slaying of the Nemean lion, a feat that symbolizes the virtue of courage. The Labors of Hercules align with the twelve virtues, and courage, being the first, serves as the foundation for the rest. Through these labors, Hercules transcended his mortal nature and became a demigod, embodying the twelve virtues. To begin this transformation, he needed courage—a virtue essential for achieving emotional stability and inner strength. Entering the lion's cave, Hercules confronted the beast and overcame it through sheer strength and resolve, rendering fear powerless over him.

As humans, we are not called to slay lions, but we can cultivate this virtue in our daily lives by practicing courage in our actions and decisions. We must remember that the best way to honor the gods and goddesses is not only through rituals but also through virtuous deeds. There is no greater ritual than living virtuously and defending our values with unwavering determination.

A question naturally arises: how can we achieve this virtue? The answer is neither simple nor easy. Courage is cultivated through hardships and a steadfast determination to surpass our limitations. It requires us to face our fears, challenge our prejudices, and commit to continuous self-improvement—both physically and emotionally—in pursuit of emotional clarity. Courage also grows when we step outside our comfort zones and embrace new experiences.

This journey takes time, and we may never fully embody courage in its highest potential. However, this does not mean we cannot practice it daily. Every effort we make strengthens this virtue and helps us become better, stronger versions of ourselves.

Lastly, it is crucial to remember why virtues are necessary in our lives. Virtues are essential because they help us become fairer, more just individuals. Justice, after all, is the ultimate goal—a harmonious state where righteousness prevails. Virtues serve as the guiding path that leads us toward this ideal, shaping our character and actions to align with what is right and noble.

-Manos